Módulo 1 — Referencias y recursos

Nota del curso: estas referencias sirven para profundizar. Su consulta es recomendable pero no obligatoria. Algunas pueden requerir suscripción previa.

Referencias

1. Agrawal, A., Gans, J. y Goldfarb, A. (12 de diciembre de 2022). ChatGPT and how AI disrupts industries. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2022/12/chatgpt-and-how-ai-disrupts-industries
2. Alammar, J. (2018). The illustrated transformer. https://jalammar.github.io/illustrated-transformer/
3. Bergmann, D. y Stryker, C. (octubre de 2023). What is LangChain? IBM. https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/langchain
4. Castro, C. (25 de abril de 2025). Beware, another ChatGPT trend threatens your privacy — here's how to stay safe. TechRadar. https://www.techradar.com/computing/cyber-security/beware-another-chatgpt-trend-threatens-your-privacy-heres-how-to-stay-safe
5. Caswell, A. y Morrison, R. (22 de abril de 2025). I've created thousands of AI images and these are the best AI image generators of 2025. Tom's Guide. https://www.tomsguide.com/best-picks/best-ai-image-generators
6. Chui, M., Hall, B., Singla, A., Sukharevsky, A. y Yee, L. (1 de agosto de 2023). The state of AI in 2023: Generative AI's breakout year. McKinsey & Company. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/quantumblack/our-insights/the-state-of-ai-in-2023-generative-ais-breakout-year
7. Codingscape. (15 de noviembre de 2024). LLMs with largest context windows. https://codingscape.com/blog/llms-with-largest-context-windows
8. Coshow, T., Gao, A., Pingree, L., Verma, A., Scheibenreif, D., Khandabattu, H. y Olliffe, G. (21 de octubre de 2024). Top strategic technology trends for 2025: Agentic AI. Gartner. (sin enlace en la fuente)
9. DataFeedWatch. (10 de abril de 2025). 11 best AI advertising examples of 2025. https://www.datafeedwatch.com/blog/best-ai-advertising-examples
10. Dialzara. (9 de mayo de 2024). AI voice cloning for brand customization: guide. https://dialzara.com/blog/ai-voice-cloning-for-brand-customization-guide/
11. EE Times. (10 de febrero de 2025). The evolution of voice in automotive. https://www.eetimes.com/the-evolution-of-voice-in-automotive/
12. Gadesha, V., Winland, V. y Kavlakoglu, E. (23 de abril de 2025). What is chain of thought (CoT) prompting? IBM. https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/chain-of-thoughts
13. GeeksforGeeks. (5 de octubre de 2024). Difference between batch processing and real time processing system. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/operating-systems/difference-between-batch-processing-and-real-time-processing-system/
14. Germanos, G., Kavallieros, D., Kolokotronis, N. y Georgiou, N. (2021). Privacy issues in voice assistant ecosystems. arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.01606
15. Goodfellow, I., Pouget-Abadie, J., Mirza, M., Xu, B., Warde-Farley, D., Ozair, S., Courville, A. y Bengio, Y. (2014). Generative adversarial nets. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 27. https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper_files/paper/2014/file/f033ed80deb0234979a61f95710dbe25-Paper.pdf
16. Grace, A. (2025). Real-time sentiment analysis in call centers: Enhancing customer experience and operational efficiency. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/389272205_Real-Time_Sentiment_Analysis_in_Call_Centers_Enhancing_Customer_Experience_and_Operational_Efficiency
17. Haenlein, M. y Kaplan, A. (julio de 2019). A brief history of artificial intelligence: On the past, present, and future of artificial intelligence. California Management Review, 61(4).
18. Hightower, S. S. (7 de marzo de 2025). A global dress distributor gave AI a chance. Now it makes creative content faster, and overstock is down 40 %. Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/wholesale-formal-gown-distributor-using-ai-for-ecommerce-operations
19. IBM. (s. f.). Deep Blue. https://www.ibm.com/history/deep-blue
20. Investopedia. (5 de agosto de 2024). The Turing test: What is it, what can pass it, and limitations. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/turing-test.asp
21. Klingler, N. (29 de abril de 2024). AlexNet: A revolutionary deep learning architecture. viso.ai. https://viso.ai/deep-learning/alexnet/
22. Langate. (23 de diciembre de 2024). AI in medical imaging: Transforming healthcare diagnostics. https://langate.com/ai-in-medical-imaging-transforming-healthcare-diagnostics/
23. Lawton, G. (13 de febrero de 2025). History of generative AI innovations spans 9 decades. TechTarget. https://www.techtarget.com/searchenterpriseai/tip/History-of-generative-AI-innovations-spans-9-decades
24. Lucent Innovation. (15 de marzo de 2024). Diffusion models for generative AI — explained. https://www.lucentinnovation.com/blogs/it-insights/what-are-diffusion-models-in-generative-ai
25. Marr, B. (26 de enero de 2024). How generative AI is revolutionizing customer service. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2024/01/26/how-generative-ai-is-revolutionizing-customer-service/
26. McKinsey & Company. (2 de abril de 2024). What is generative AI? https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/mckinsey-explainers/what-is-generative-ai
27. MIT Sloan EdTech. (6 de marzo de 2024). Supporting learning with AI-generated images: A research-backed guide. https://mitsloanedtech.mit.edu/2024/03/06/supporting-learning-with-ai-generated-images-a-research-backed-guide/
28. Mollick, E. (14 de diciembre de 2022). ChatGPT is a tipping point for AI. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2022/12/chatgpt-is-a-tipping-point-for-ai
29. Moon Technolabs. (10 de marzo de 2025). Top 15 generative AI use cases with application & benefits. https://www.moontechnolabs.com/blog/generative-ai-use-cases/
30. Mozilla. (2023). Mozilla AI guide — AI basics. https://ai-guide.future.mozilla.org/content/ai-basics/#what-exactly-is-an-llm
31. Murphy, T. (25 de abril de 2023). The evolution of chatbots and generative AI. TechTarget. https://www.techtarget.com/searchcustomerexperience/infographic/The-evolution-of-chatbots-and-generative-AI
32. OpenAI. (2023). What are tokens and how to count them? OpenAI Help Center. https://help.openai.com/en/articles/4936856-what-are-tokens-and-how-to-count-them
33. OpenAI. (16 de abril de 2025). OpenAI o3 and o4-mini system card. https://cdn.openai.com/pdf/2221c875-02dc-4789-800b-e7758f3722c1/o3-and-o4-mini-system-card.pdf
34. Patrizio, A. (2025). Four tech companies eyeing nuclear power for AI energy. TechTarget. https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/feature/Three-tech-companies-eyeing-nuclear-power-for-AI-energy
35. Paul, K. y Tong, A. (13 de septiembre de 2024). OpenAI launches new series of AI models with "reasoning" abilities. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/technology/artificial-intelligence/openai-launches-new-series-ai-models-solve-hard-problems-2024-09-12/
36. PYMNTS. (14 de agosto de 2024). Multimodal AI impacts retail from voice assistants to checkout-free shopping. https://www.pymnts.com/artificial-intelligence-2/2024/multimodal-ai-impacts-retail-from-voice-assistants-to-checkout-free-shopping/
37. Singla, A., Sukharevsky, A., Yee, L. y Chui, M. (30 de mayo de 2024). The state of AI in early 2024: Gen AI adoption spikes and starts to generate value. McKinsey & Company. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/quantumblack/our-insights/the-state-of-ai-2024
38. Stöffelbauer, A. (24 de octubre de 2023). How large language models work. Medium. https://medium.com/data-science-at-microsoft/how-large-language-models-work-91c362f5b78f
39. Tong, A. y Paul, K. (15 de julio de 2024). Exclusive: OpenAI working on new reasoning technology under code name 'Strawberry'. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/technology/artificial-intelligence/openai-working-new-reasoning-technology-under-code-name-strawberry-2024-07-12/
40. Topal, M. (23 de julio de 2023). What is mode collapse in GANs? Medium. https://medium.com/@miraytopal/what-is-mode-collapse-in-gans-d3428a7bd9b8
41. Tordjman, K. L., MacDonald, D., Gerrard, P., Derow, R., Scott, B., Poria, K., Bell, R. e Irwin, M. (13 de enero de 2025). How AI agents are opening the golden era of customer experience. BCG Global. https://www.bcg.com/publications/2025/how-ai-agents-opening-golden-era-customer-experience
42. Wood, S. G., Moxley, J. H., Tighe, E. L. y Wagner, R. K. (2018). Does use of text-to-speech and related read-aloud tools improve reading comprehension for students with reading disabilities? Journal of Learning Disabilities, 51(1), 73–84. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022219416688170

Recursos

1. IBM. (21 de abril de 2025). Generative vs. agentic AI: Shaping the future of AI collaboration [Vídeo]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EDb37y_MhRw
2. OpenAI. (16 de abril de 2025). OpenAI o3 and o4-mini system card. https://cdn.openai.com/pdf/2221c875-02dc-4789-800b-e7758f3722c1/o3-and-o4-mini-system-card.pdf
3. Peters, J. (29 de abril de 2025). Duolingo will replace contract workers with AI. The Verge. https://www.theverge.com/news/657594/duolingo-ai-first-replace-contract-workers

Vídeos del módulo

Barrido exhaustivo de las 12 páginas del reproductor Elucidat del Módulo 1 (agosto de 2026), incluidos los vídeos que se cargan de forma diferida dentro de modales.

Notas del barrido

• No estaban recogidos en este archivo los vídeos 1, 2 y 4. El único que ya figuraba es el nº 3, listado como «Recursos → 1» más arriba. (Los vídeos 1, 3 y 4 sí aparecían en Modulo-1-apuntes.md; el nº 2 constaba allí sin URL, como «embebido en el reproductor».)
• Requirieron abrir el modal con un clic los vídeos 2 y 3: su iframe no existe en el DOM hasta que se pulsa la tarjeta correspondiente, de modo que un extractor pasivo no los detecta. Sí quedan rastreables por el atributo data-media del contenedor div.video_player, que sí está precargado (embed:… para videocast, youtube:… para YouTube). Los vídeos 1 y 4 están embebidos en línea y su iframe sí se precarga.
• El vídeo 3 usa el reproductor MediaElement.js de Elucidat, que inyecta un iframe de youtube.com/embed/EDb37y_MhRw al abrir el modal.
• Páginas sin vídeo (verificado nodo a nodo, sin div.video_player ni atributos data-media de vídeo): Módulo 1 (portada), Índice de contenidos, Objetivos de aprendizaje, Tareas, capítulo 1, capítulo 4, capítulo 5 y ¡Enhorabuena! Los modales de esos capítulos son fichas de texto e imagen, no vídeos.
• Recurso interactivo no audiovisual detectado en el mismo barrido (no es vídeo, se anota por completitud): Padlet del capítulo 2 — https://globalalumni.padlet.org/embed/7wt818geuy97k1q7
• Los vídeos alojados en videocast.emeritus.org requieren sesión activa del campus; los identificadores internos (MPE_DTR_…) proceden de los metadatos de Opencast y no se muestran en el curso.

Se corrigieron erratas evidentes de la fuente: la fecha "312 de octubre de 2023" de Bergmann y Stryker, y la autoría "Bing, X" de Goodfellow et al., que corresponde a Xu, B.